A corresponding-state approach to quark-cluster matter. (arXiv:1209.3688v1 [astro-ph.SR]):
The state of super-dense matter is essential for us to understand the nature
of pulsars, but the non-perturbative quantum chromodynamics (QCD) makes it very
difficult for direct calculations of the state of cold matter at realistic
baryon number densities inside compact stars. The strong coupling between
quarks might render quarks grouped in clusters, and at high densities but low
temperature, it is conjectured that the quark-cluster matter could be in a
condensed phase as self-bound objects. Nevertheless, supposing that the
quark-clusters could be analogized to inert gases, we apply here the
corresponding-state approach to derive the equation of state of quark-cluster
matter, as was demonstrated for nuclear and neutron-star matter in 1970s.
According to the calculations presented, the quark-cluster stars, which are
composed of quark-cluster matter, could then have high maximum mass that is
consistent with observations and, in turn, further observations of pulsar mass
would also put constraints to the properties of quark-cluster matter. Moreover,
the melting heat during solid-liquid phase conversion and the related
astrophysical consequences are also discussed.
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